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辞赋名篇。三国魏曹植作。《文选》、《艺文类聚》见载。此赋当作于黄初四年(223)。曹植入朝后回封地途经洛水时,联想起洛水神女宓妃的传说,受到宋玉《神女赋》的感发,虚构人神相爱的悲剧,以寄托情志。赋文围绕人神相爱的主线,分成六层。先写发现洛神……
辞赋名篇。三国魏曹植作。《文选》、《艺文类聚》见载。此赋当作于黄初四年(223)。曹植入朝后回封地途经洛水时,联想起洛水神女宓妃的传说,受到宋玉《神女赋》的感发,虚构人神相爱的悲剧,以寄托情志。赋文围绕人神相爱的主线,分成六层。先写发现洛神的经过;其次写洛神的体态容貌美,这是全文描写最为精采的部分,作者从姿态美、容貌美、情态美、服饰美、行为美五个方面毕呈神女的魅力,为相慕作了铺垫;其次写君王对洛神的爱慕;其次写洛神受到感动而深切地爱慕君王,将人神相爱推向高潮;其次写洛神被迫离去的悲剧;最后叙述离开洛川,照应首段。此赋的创作意图,有两种说法。一是感甄说,见《文选》李善注引《记》:甄逸女本为曹植所求,后为曹丕所得,谗死后,曹丕将其枕赍曹植,植过洛水有怀而作《感甄赋》,魏明帝改为《洛神赋》。后世多不取此说。二是寄心君王说。赋文云“虽潜处于太阴,长寄心于君王”。本文的主题当是以“人神道隔”的悲剧,曲折地表达求试不可、壮志难酬的不幸身世。赋文描写细腻而生动,如写神女之美,广比博喻,多面烘托,穷形尽貌。此赋为我国文学史上不可多得的名作,最能体现曹植“文才富艳”的创作特色,其影响巨大。晋代书法家王献之曾书写过《洛神赋》,画家顾恺之也有传世的《洛神赋图》。
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