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辞赋名篇。西汉扬雄作。《汉书》见载。元延二年(前11)三月,成帝帅群臣,横渡黄河,行幸河东祭祀后土。“既祭,行游介山,回安邑,顾龙门,览盐池,登历观,陟西岳,以望八荒”(《汉书》扬雄“自序”)。天子追踪殷周之墟,遥思尧舜之风,雄以为“临川羡……
辞赋名篇。西汉扬雄作。《汉书》见载。元延二年(前11)三月,成帝帅群臣,横渡黄河,行幸河东祭祀后土。“既祭,行游介山,回安邑,顾龙门,览盐池,登历观,陟西岳,以望八荒”(《汉书》扬雄“自序”)。天子追踪殷周之墟,遥思尧舜之风,雄以为“临川羡鱼,不如归而结网”。于是上《河东赋》以劝。此文可分为三段:开段为前引,写暮春谒神于河东,形容车驾旌旗之盛。中段述成帝追观先代遗迹:览介山,思晋文公及介子推;追慕大禹疏决龙门;登历观(山西永济县山名)而望舜之所耕。他将这些遗迹与远处战场陔下(项羽败处)南巢(夏桀败处)相较,认为这些地方均不如河东。于是天子乘翠龙,渡大河,登华山,该地祥云迎,甘雨降,天子遂叱风伯,呵雨师,大致斥令制风制雨。最后一段乃为对天子及汉代的歌功颂德,而这篇赋的结尾不带任何规谏之辞。扬雄自谓此文目的在于劝。然细绎全文,此赋表面上是对王朝汉德的颂扬,实际上寓讽谏于颂扬之中。姚鼐《古文辞类纂》评云:“《上林》之末有游乎六芝之囿及翱翔书圃之语。此文(《河东赋》)法之,借行游为喻,言以天道为车马,以六经为容,行乎帝王之途,何必巡望山川以为观览乎。”全文仿《楚辞》体,亦融合散体之字句。《汉书·扬雄传》所收录之四赋,《文选》仅此篇未录,其由盖因其体裁和文句不特出,此赋或非子云之佳作也。
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