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古诗选本。十四卷。元刘履编纂。刘履字坦之,上虞(今属浙江)人,入明不仕,自号草泽闲民。洪武十六年(1383),诏求天下博学之士,浙江布政使强起至京师,授官,以老病辞。此书前八卷为“选诗”补注,取《文选》中诗加以删补训释,注释大多取于唐“五臣……
古诗选本。十四卷。元刘履编纂。刘履字坦之,上虞(今属浙江)人,入明不仕,自号草泽闲民。洪武十六年(1383),诏求天下博学之士,浙江布政使强起至京师,授官,以老病辞。此书前八卷为“选诗”补注,取《文选》中诗加以删补训释,注释大多取于唐“五臣”旧注而断以己意。次为“选诗补遗”二卷,取散见于传记、诸子以及郭茂倩之《乐府诗集》的古歌谣词四十二首,以补《文选》选诗之缺。最后为“选诗续编”四卷,取唐宋以来诗词一百五十九首为《文选》嗣音。对于所选诗歌仿朱熹《诗集传》之体例详加笺注、串释、评论,为初学者提供了方便。刘氏论文受道学家影响很深,主理不主文,其取舍标准多从宋道学家真德秀之《文章正宗》,故多迂腐之见。如对杜甫“三吏”、“三别”作了这样的批评:“‘三吏’、‘三别’似出一时之笔,若此篇(指《垂老别》)‘牙齿存’、‘骨髓干’两语,也同‘眼枯见骨’,同一鄙俚。借此建安乐府中容或有之,终非雅韵,特以全篇可取者多,故存之。大抵此数篇用意太迫切,而乏简远之度。然其情周至,诵之终篇不厌,譬若《书》典谟之后,而有殷盘、周诰。盖至此时风气变移既久,而且不能不如此耳。”可见他虽也主张文艺作品可以批评现实,但反对态度激烈、用词尖刻。在风格上,刘氏偏爱雍容不迫、进退有度之作品,对朱熹诗歌赞扬备至,言其:“至义理精微处,则皆本于‘六经’、‘四书’者,又岂他人所能窥测哉!”从这些地方都可见编选者的“头巾气”、“道学气”。总的说来,此选本比较重视诗歌的社会内容,择选较精,故明初《沧海遗珍》的编选者沐昂说:“近代选古惟刘履……几无遗憾,则识有过人者矣。”(《沧海遗珍序》)此书在明代刊刻多次,初刻已不得见,但弘治、嘉靖刊本皆有流传,日本文政三年(1820)亦有刊本,可见明清两代流传之广。常见者有台湾商务印书馆影印文渊阁《四库全书》本。
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